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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibneiro</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибнейро</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sibneuro</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3033-649X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-6805</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Bervitskiy Anatoliy Vladimirovich</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.64265/3033-649X-2026.2.3.23-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibneiro-123</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микрохирургическое лечение крупных и гигантских параклиноидных аневризм внутренней сонной артерии в остром периоде кровоизлияния</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microsurgical treatment of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery in the acute period of hemorrhage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-9524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джинджихадзе</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhindzhikhadze</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джинджихадзе Реваз Семенович – доктор медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург, главный внештатный нейрохирург Министерства здравоохранения Московской области; руководитель отделения нейрохирургии и нейроонкологии.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Revaz S. Dzhindzhikhadze – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon, Chief Consulting Neurosurgeon, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”) Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region; Head of the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology.</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">brainsurg77@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-3436</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайцев Андрей Дмитриевич – врач-нейрохирург, младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey D. Zaitsev – Neurosurgeon, Junior Research Officer, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrew.zay97@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-1968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поляков Андрей Викторович – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением нейрохирургии и нейроонкологии, старший научный сотрудник, врач-нейрохирург.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Polyakov – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Senior Research Officer, Neurosurgeon, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ap.neurosurg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-4402</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджиагаев</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhiagaev</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаджиагаев Вадим Султанбекович – кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург, научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim S. Gadzhiagaev – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon, Research Officer, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vgadzhiagaev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-7114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салямова</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salyamova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салямова Эльвира Игороевна – врач-нейрохирург.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira I. Salyamova – Neurosurgeon, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salyamova.neuro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-9640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдуллаев Абдулла Набигулагович – кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abdulla N. Abdullaev – Cand. Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdullaewns@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0027-8582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гвелесиани</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gvelesiani</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гвелесиани Александр Ираклиевич – врач-нейрохирург.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr I. Gvelesiani – Neurosurgeon, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexgvel46@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касымов</surname><given-names>М. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasymov</surname><given-names>M. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Касымов Мирза-Ахмад Улугбекович – клинический ординатор кафедры нейрохирургии.</p><p>ул. Щепкина, 61/2, Москва, 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mirza-Akhmad U. Kasymov – Clinical Resident at the Department of Neurosurgery, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”).</p><p>Shchepkina str., 61/2, Moscow, 129110</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hamatshuhrat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Джинджихадзе Р.С., Зайцев А.Д., Поляков А.В., Гаджиагаев В.С., Салямова Э.И., Абдуллаев А.Н., Гвелесиани А.И., Касымов М.У., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Джинджихадзе Р.С., Зайцев А.Д., Поляков А.В., Гаджиагаев В.С., Салямова Э.И., Абдуллаев А.Н., Гвелесиани А.И., Касымов М.У.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dzhindzhikhadze R.S., Zaitsev A.D., Polyakov A.V., Gadzhiagaev V.S., Salyamova E.I., Abdullaev A.N., Gvelesiani A.I., Kasymov M.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sibneurojournal.com/jour/article/view/123">https://www.sibneurojournal.com/jour/article/view/123</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Параклиноидные аневризмы внутренней сонной артерии составляют 5–15 % всех интракраниальных аневризм, при этом около 49 % из них достигают крупных или гигантских размеров. Их микрохирургическое лечение в остром периоде субарахноидального кровоизлияния сопряжено с трудностями визуализации проксимальных отделов шейки, обеспечения проксимального контроля, декомпрессии зрительного нерва и реконструкции просвета внутренней сонной артерии. Несмотря на развитие эндоваскулярных технологий, микрохирургическое клипирование сохраняет важное значение у данной категории пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность и безопасность микрохирургического лечения крупных и гигантских параклиноидных аневризм внутренней сонной артерии в остром периоде субарахноидального кровоизлияния.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включены 35 пациентов с крупными и гигантскими параклиноидными аневризмами внутренней сонной артерии, прооперированные в остром периоде субарахноидального кровоизлияния в Московском областном научно-исследовательском клиническом институте им. М.Ф. Владимирского с июня 2019 г. по декабрь 2025 г. Всем пациентам выполнено микрохирургическое лечение в течение 24 ч с момента поступления. Оценивали клинико-неврологический статус, нейровизуализационные характеристики аневризмы и кровоизлияния, примененный хирургический доступ, выполнение передней клиноидэктомии, использование внутрисосудистой аспирации крови, радикальность выключения аневризмы, функциональные исходы по модифицированной шкале Рэнкина (mRS, modified Rankin scale), периоперационные осложнения и летальность.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Передняя клиноидэктомия выполнена у 33 (94,3 %) пациентов, в том числе экстрадуральная – у 25, интрадуральная – у 8. Внутрисосудистая аспирация крови применена у 14 (40,0 %) больных. Радикальность выключения аневризм составила 94,3 %. Благоприятные функциональные исходы (mRS 0–2) в катамнестическом периоде достигнуты у 24 (68,6 %) пациентов, умеренная/выраженная инвалидизация (mRS 3–4) – у 5 (14,3 %), глубокая инвалидизация (mRS 5) – у 1 (2,9 %). Симптомный церебральный вазоспазм с формированием очагов отсроченной церебральной ишемии отмечен у 8 (22,9 %) пациентов, шунт-зависимая гидроцефалия – у 5 (14,3 %), потребовавшее ревизии геморрагическое осложнение – у 1 (2,9 %). Развитие или усугубление дисфункции III нерва в раннем послеоперационном периоде выявлено у 12 (34,3 %) пациентов, при этом резидуальный дефицит сохранился у 2 (5,7 %). Транзиторное ухудшение зрительных функций отмечено у 10 (28,6 %) пациентов. У 11 (64,7 %) из 17 больных с дооперационным зрительным дефицитом после декомпрессии зрительного канала наблюдалось улучшение. Летальность при выписке составила 8,6 %, в катамнезе – 14,3 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование современных микрохирургических техник, включающих переднюю клиноидэктомию, методы прямой и ретроградной релаксации аневризматического мешка и реконструктивного клипирования, обеспечивает эффективное и безопасное лечение пациентов с крупными и гигантскими параклиноидными аневризмами внутренней сонной артерии в остром периоде субарахноидального кровоизлияния.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery account for 5–15 % of all intracranial aneurysms, with approximately 49 % of these reaching large or giant sizes. Microsurgical treatment of these aneurysms in the acute phase of subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with difficulties in visualizing the proximal neck, ensuring proximal control, decompressing the optic nerve, and reconstructing the internal carotid artery lumen. Despite the development of endovascular technologies, microsurgical clipping remains important in this patient population.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microsurgical treatment of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery in the acute phase of subarachnoid hemorrhage.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This retrospective study included 35 patients with large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery who underwent surgery for acute subarachnoid hemorrhage at the Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute from June 2019 to December 2025. All patients underwent microsurgical treatment within 24 hours of admission. Clinical and neurological status, neuroimaging characteristics of the aneurysm and hemorrhage, surgical approach, anterior clinoidectomy, use of intravascular blood aspiration, aneurysm exclusion efficacy, functional outcomes according to the modified Rankin scale (mRS), perioperative complications, and mortality were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Anterior clinoidectomy was performed in 33 (94.3 %) patients, including extradural in 25 and intradural in 8. Intravascular blood aspiration was used in 14 (40.0 %) patients. The radicality of aneurysm exclusion was 94.3 %. Favorable functional outcomes (mRS 0–2) in the follow-up period were achieved in 24 (68.6 %) patients, moderate/severe disability (mRS 3–4) in 5 (14.3 %) patients, and profound disability (mRS 5) in 1 (2.9 %) patient. Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm with foci of delayed cerebral ischemia was observed in 8 (22.9 %) patients, shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in 5 (14.3 %) patients, and a hemorrhagic complication requiring revision in 1 (2.9 %) patient. Development or worsening of third nerve dysfunction in the early postoperative period was detected in 12 (34.3 %) patients, with residual deficit persisting in 2 (5.7 %) patients. Transient visual impairment was noted in 10 (28.6 %) patients. Improvement was observed in 11 (64.7 %) of 17 patients with preoperative visual deficit after optic canal decompression. Mortality at discharge was 8.6 %, and in follow-up, it was 14.3 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of modern microsurgical techniques, including anterior clinoidectomy, direct and retrograde relaxation of the aneurysm sac, and reconstructive clipping, ensures effective and safe treatment of patients with large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms of the internal carotid artery during the acute phase of subarachnoid hemorrhage.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>церебральные аневризмы</kwd><kwd>параклиноидные аневризмы</kwd><kwd>крупные и гигантские аневризмы</kwd><kwd>внутренняя сонная артерия</kwd><kwd>субарахноидальное кровоизлияние</kwd><kwd>микрохирургия</kwd><kwd>передняя клиноидэктомия</kwd><kwd>внутрисосудистая аспирация крови</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral aneurysms</kwd><kwd>paraclinoid aneurysms</kwd><kwd>large and giant aneurysms</kwd><kwd>internal carotid artery</kwd><kwd>subarachnoid hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>microsurgery</kwd><kwd>anterior clinoidectomy</kwd><kwd>intravascular blood aspiration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Juvela S, Poussa K, Lehto H, Porras M. 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